Eight Great Noble Thoughts and Papanca [proliferation] and Nippapanca [non-proliferation]

Updated 26 April 2024

Eight Great Noble Thoughts and Papanca [Proliferation] and Nippapanca [Non-proliferation]

“Mankind delights in the diffuseness of the world, the Perfect Ones are free from such diffuseness.” (The Dhammapada Verse 254) (Source: Buddhist Dictionary, Venerable Nyanatiloka Maha Thera)

Attha-maha-purisa Vitakka The Eight Great Noble Thoughts

In Bhavana Vandana: Devotions for Meditation, Bhante Henepola Gunaratana lists the Attha-maha-purisa Vitakka The Eight Great Noble Thoughts on pages 68 and 69.

Attha-maha-purisa Vitakka

Appicchassayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo mahicchassa.
2. Santutthassayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo asantutthassa.
3. Pavivittassayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo Sanghanikaramassa.
4. Araddhaviriyassayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo kusitassa.
5. Upatthitasatissayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo mutthassatissa.
6. Samahitassayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo asamahitassa.
7. Pannavato ayam Dhammo, nayam Dhammo duppannassa.
8. Nippapancaramassayam Dhammo nippapancaratino nayam Dhammo papancaramassa papancaratino.

Aṭṭha‧mahā‧purisa Vitakka with Diacriticals

Appicchassāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo mahicchassa.
2. Santuṭṭhassāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo asantuṭṭhassa.
3. Pavivittassāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo Saṅghaṇikārāmassa.
4. Āraddhaviriyassāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo kusītassa.
5. Upaṭṭhitasatissāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo muṭṭhassatissa.
6. Samāhitassāyaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo asamāhitassa.
7. Paññāvato ayaṃ Dhammo, nāyaṃ Dhammo duppaññassa.
8. Nippapañcārāmassāyaṃ Dhammo nippapañcaratino nāyaṃ Dhammo papañcārāmassa papañcaratino

Eight Great Noble Thoughts

This Dhamma is for reducing desire, not for increasing desire.
2. This Dhamma is for increasing contentment, not for increasing discontentment.
3. This Dhamma is for cultivating seclusion, not for becoming sociable.
4. This Dhamma is for becoming energetic, not for becoming lazy.
5. This Dhamma is for developing mindfulness, not developing unmindfulness.
6. This Dhamma is for developing composure, not for making restlessness.
7. This Dhamma is for increasing wisdom, not for decreasing wisdom.
8. This Dhamma is for delighting in freedom from impediments, not for delighting in impediment.

Note 42 on page 212 of Bhavana Vandana is

Aṭṭhamahāpurisa Vitakka: Aṅguttara Nikāya, 4:232 [Aṭṭhakanipāto, §30.15]. Eight Great Noble Thoughts: “The Venerable Anuruddha,” in Gradual Sayings, 4:157 [§3.10(30)].

Bhante Henepola Gunaratana also includes these lists on pages 92 and 93 of Buddhist Suttas for Recitation: A Companion for Walking the Buddha’s Path. His note on page 265 is

Aṅguttara Nikāya, 4:232 [Aṭṭhakanipāto, §30.15]. “The Venerable Anuruddha,” in Gradual Sayings, 4:157 [§3.10(30)].

AN 8.30 Anguttara Nikaya Anuruddha Mahavitakka Sutta

In the Anuruddha Mahavitakka Sutta in the Anguttara Nikaya Book of Eights, Venerable Anuruddha, ‘the master of the divine eye’, is in silent contemplation. His ruminations are being monitored from a distance by the Buddha. These seven thoughts occur to Venerable Anuruddha.

At this time, Venerable Anuruddha had not yet attained enlightenment. The Buddha then projects himself and after saying Sadhu, Sadhu, Anuruddha (Well done, or it is good, Anuruddha), asks Anuruddha to add an eighth thought: This Dhamma is for the nippapanca, not for the pappanca. Pappanca means proliferation. Diffusion, the ‘more and more and more’ of the world. Nippapanca is non-proliferation. It is a synonym for Nibbana. It is vijja, supreme knowledge (opposite of avijja, Ignorance). Thus, the seven thoughts of Venerable Anuruddha became the Eight Thoughts of the Great Man.

The seven thoughts that occurred to Anuruddha, along with their correspondence to The Eightfold Path, the Five Faculties and Five Powers, are given below:

This Dhamma is for one of few wants, not for one who wants much.
2. This Dhamma is for the contented, not for the discontented.
3. This Dhamma is for the secluded, not for one who loves company.
These three correspond to sila (morality) for a person who has left home and ordained in order to attain enlightenment. For lay people sila is Right Speech, Right Action, and Right Livelihood of the Noble Eightfold Path. It ties in with saddha, (faith in the Buddha) vis-a-vis the Five Spiritual Faculties and the Five Powers.
4. This Dhamma is for the energetic, not for one who lacks energy.
Corresponds to Right Effort (Samma Vayama) of the Eightfold Path and viriya of the Spiritual Faculties and Spiritual Powers.
5. This Dhamma is for the mindful, not for one who lacks mindfulness.
Corresponds to Right Mindfulness (Samma Sati of the Eightfold Path and sati of the Five Spiritual Faculties and Five Powers.
6. This Dhamma is for the concentrated, not for the unconcentrated.
Corresponds to Samma Samadhi of the Eightfold Path and samadhi of the other two as above.
7. This Dhamma is for the wise, not for the unwise.
Corresponds to Right Understanding (Samma Ditthi) and Right Thought (Samma Samkappa) of the Eightfold Path, and panna (wisdom) of the other two.

Panca Indriya The Five Spiritual Faculties

The normal mind is driven by the three unwholesome roots of lobha (Greed), dosa (Hate), and moha (Delusion). When a person embarks on the teachings of the Buddha, these three unwholesome roots are gradually replaced by the Five Spiritual Faculties (indriya). At this stage, the practitioner can still be influenced and shaken by another person from some other teaching who might argue, that the Buddha was not really enlightened (the first of the Spiritual Faculties is faith in the enlightenment of the Buddha).

Panca Bala The Five Spiritual Powers

When a person attains to Stream Entry (Sotapanna), these Five Spiritual Faculties become the Five Spiritual Powers. Then these five cannot be shaken by their opposites. At Stream Entry, the first three of the Ten Fetters (dasa samyojana) drop away. The first three fetters are sakkaya ditthi (personality belief), vicikiccha (sceptical doubt), and silabbata paramasa (belief in wrongful rites and rituals).

Buddhist Dictionary by Nyanatiloka Maha Thera

Venerable Nyanatiloka Maha Thera explains papanca in his Buddhist Dictionary as:

papanca: (Sanskrit prapanca): In doctrinal usage, it signifies the expansion, differentiation, ‘diffuseness’ or ‘manifoldness’ of the world; and it may also refer to the ‘phenomenal world’ in general, and to the mental attitude of ‘worldliness’. In A. IV, 173, it is said: “As far as the field of sixfold sense-impression extends, so far reaches the world of diffuseness (or the phenomenal world; papancassa gati); as far as the world of diffuseness extends, so far extends the field of sixfold sense-impression. Through the complete fading away and cessation of the field of sixfold sense-impression, there comes about the cessation and the coming-to-rest of the world of diffuseness (papanca-nirodho papanca–vupasamo).” The opposite term nippapanca is a name for Nibbana (S. LIII), in the sense of ‘freedom from samsaric diffuseness’. – Dhp. 254: “Mankind delights in the diffuseness of the world, the Perfect Ones are free from such diffuseness” (papancabhirata paja, nippapanca tathagata). – The 8th of the ‘thoughts of a great man’ (maha-purisa-vitakka; A. VIII, 30) has: “This Dhamma is for one who delights in non-diffuseness (the unworldly, Nibbana); it is not for him who delights in worldliness (papanca).” – For the psychological sense of ‘differentiation’, see M. 18 (Madhupindika Sutta): “Whatever man conceives (vitakketi) that he differentiates (papanceti); and what he differentiates, by reason thereof ideas and considerations of differentiation (Papanca-sanna-sankha) arise in him.” On this text and the term papanca, see Dr. Kurt Schmidt in German Buddhist Writers (Wheel 74/75) p. 61ff. – See D. 21 (Sakka’s Quest; Wheel 10, p. 12ff).
In the commentaries, we often find a threefold classification tanha, ditthi-, mana-papanca, which probably means the world’s diffuseness created by craving, false views and conceit. – See M. 123; A. IV, 173; A. VI, 14, Sn. 530, 874, 916.
Nanananda Bhikkhu, in Concept and Reality: An Essay on Papanca and Papanca-sanna-sankha (Kandy 1971, Buddhist Publication Society), suggests that the term refers to man’s “tendency towards proliferation in the realm of concepts” and proposes a rendering by “conceptual proliferation,” which appears convincing in psychological context, e.g. in two of the texts quoted above, A. IV, 173 and M. 18. – The threefold classification of papanca, by way of craving, false views and conceit, is explained by the author as three aspects, or instances, of the foremost of delusive conceptualisations, the ego-concept.

The Eight Great Noble Thoughts and Papanca [proliferation] and Nippapanca [non-proliferation] in The Pali Canon

AN Anguttara Nikaya

Anguttara Nikaya Anthology: An Anthology of Discourses from the Anguttara Nikaya. Selected and translated from the Pali by Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi. Earlier published as Wheel Publications 155-158; 208-211;238-240. 2007. (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP222) (ISBN 978-955-24-0297-5).
Chapter Eight The Chapter of the Eights 160 The Eights Thoughts of a Great Man, pages 142-147. Notes page 234.
https://www.bps.lk/olib/bp/bp222s_Nyanaponika-Bodhi_Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology.pdf

Anguttara Nikaya Anthology: An Anthology of Discourses from the Anguttara Nikaya. Selected and translated from the Pali by Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2007.
The note on page 234, includes the explanation by Bhikkhu Bodhi

“The Unworldly” = nippapanca; “worldliness” = papanca. Papanca “signifies the expansion, differentiation, diffuseness or manifoldness of the world; and it may also refer to the “phenomenal world’ in general and the mental attitude of “worldliness’” (Nyanatiloka Thera, Buddhist Dictionary, (BPS), s.v. papanca). It is in the last-mentioned two senses that this term and its opposite, nippapanca, have been rendered here and in the concluding verses of this text. In his important book Concept and Reality, (BPS), Bhikkhu Nanananda adds to the above-mentioned connotations the meaning “conceptual proliferation,” which provides the key for understanding the term when it occurs in a psychological context, as it often does in the Suttas. However, it seems improbable that this meaning applies to our present text.

The Book of the Gradual Sayings (Anguttara-Nikaya) or More Numbered Suttas Vol IV (The Books of the Sevens, Eights and Nines).
The Book of the Eights, 8.30 The Venerable Anuruddha, pages 154-160.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-book-of-the-gradual-sayings-5-volumes/

The Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Anguttara Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: by Bhikkhu Bodhi.
The Book of the Eights, 30 (10) Anuruddha Sutta, pages 1160-1165. Notes page 1798.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/numerical-discourses-buddha/

The Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Anguttara Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: by Bhikkhu Bodhi.
The Book of the Fours, 173 (3) Kotthita Sutta, pages 539-540. Notes page 1710.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/numerical-discourses-buddha/

Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: An Anthology of Suttas from the Anguttara Nikaya. Selected and translated from the Pali by Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi. 1999.
Chapter Eight The Chapter of the Eights 160 The Eights Thoughts of a Great Man, pages 208-212. Notes page306.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/numerical-discourses-buddha/

Wheel 208-211 Anguttara Nikaya: An Anthology: Part II. Selected and translated from the Pali by Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi
The Chapter of the Eights: 51. The Eight Thoughts of a Great Man (8.30) https://bps.lk/olib/wh/wh362_Hecker_Anuruddha–Master-of-the-Divine-Eye.html

Dhammapada

The Dhammapada clarifies papanca in Chapter 14 Buddha Vagga The Buddha Verses 195 and Chapter 18 Mala Vagga Impurities or Taints Verse 254.

The Dhammapada: Pali Text and Translation, with Stories in Brief and Notes. Venerable Narada Mahathera. Venerable Narada’s Notes to Verses 195 and 196 on page 172 explains

Honour to whom Honour is Due
17-18 He who reverences those worthy of reverence., whether Buddhas or their disciples; those who have overcome the impediments and have got rid of grief and lamentation – the merit of him who reverences such peaceful and fearless Ones cannot be measured by anyone as such and such. Note 1 Papanca = impediments or obstacles such as attachment, false views and pride.

Venerable Narada’s Notes to Verses 254 and 255 on page 208 explains papanca as

Impediments such as craving, pride etc.

The Dhammapada: The Buddha’s Path to Freedom. Translated by Acharya Buddharakkhita Thera. Introduction by Bhikkhu Bodhi.

Acharya Buddharakkhita Thera’s Note to Verses 195 and 196 on page 69 explains

195–196. One who reveres those worthy of reverence, the Buddhas and their disciples, who have transcended all worldliness and passed beyond the reach of sorrow and lamentation—one who reveres such peaceful and fearless ones, his merit none can compute by any measure. 17–18

Acharya Buddharakkhita Thera’s translation of Verse 254 and Note on page 82 are

There is no track in the sky, and no recluse outside (the Buddha’s Dispensation). Humankind delights in worldliness, but the Buddhas are free from worldliness. 21 20 Note Recluse (samana): in vv.254-255 used in the special sense of those who have reached the four supramundane stages.

The PTS Pali Text Society’s translation The Word of the Doctrine (Dhammapada) translates papanca as “the diversified world”. This is explained in Note to Verse 195 on page 110.

DN Digha Nikaya

The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Digha Nikaya. Maurice Walsh translator. 1987.
Sutta 14 Mahapadana Sutta: The Great discourse on the Lineage, page 220. Note 315 page 563.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Digha Nikaya. Maurice Walsh translator. 1987.
Sutta 21 Sakkapanha Sutta: Sakka’s Questions: A God Consults the Buddha, page 329. Note 606 page 587.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Digha Nikaya. Maurice Walsh translator. 1987.
Sutta 34 Dasattara Sutta: Expanding Decades 2.1 Eight things greatly help, eight things are to be developed, pages 517-519. Notes 1153 and 1154 page 624.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

MN Majjhima Nikaya

The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: Original Translation by Bhikkhu Nanamoli: Translation Edited and Revised by Bhikkhu Bodhi.
Sutta 11 Culasihanada Sutta: The Shorter Discourse on the Lion’s Roar, 11.5 page 160. Note 169 page 1195.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/middle-length-discourses-buddha/

Sutta 18 Madhupindika Sutta: The Honeyball, 18.8 and 18.16 pages 202 and 204-205. Notes 229 and 232 pages 1202-1205.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/middle-length-discourses-buddha/

Milindapanha

Milinda’s Questions. 2 Volumes. (Translated from the Pali by I. B. Horner) 1991 reprint of 1964. Volume II.
The Dilemmas VII Seventh Division 1: Diversifications, pages 76-80.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/milindas-questions/

SN Samyutta Nikaya

The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2000. (Volume II)
Part IV The Book of the Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga), Chapter I Salyatanasamyutta Connected Discourses on the Six Sense Bases; Division II. The Second Fifty; V The Sixes 94 (1) Untamed, Unguarded, pages 1173-1175. Note 71 page 1409.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2000. (Volume II)
Part IV The Book of the Six Sense Bases (Salayatanavagga), Chapter I Salyatanasamyutta Connected Discourses on the Six Sense Bases; Division II. The Second Fifty; IV The Vipers 248 (11) The Sheaf of Barley, page 1259.
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

Sn Sutta Nipata in KN Khuddaka Nikaya

The Group of Discourses: Sutta-Nipata. Volume II. Revised Translation with Introduction and Notes by K. R. Norman. 1992.
Verses 530, 874 and 916.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-group-of-discourses/

The Suttanipata: An Ancient Collection of the Buddha’s Discourses Together with its Commentaries. Translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2017.
Verses 530, 874 and 916.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-suttanipata-an-ancient-collection-of-the-buddhas-discourses-together-with-its-commentaries/

Wheel 82 The Discourse Collection: Selected Texts from the Suttanipata
Translated by John D. Ireland
https://www.bps.lk/olib/wh/wh082_Ireland_Selected-Suttanipata-Texts.html
https://www.bps.lk/olib/wh/wh082_Ireland_Selected-Suttanipata-Texts.html#Dhammika
http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/ireland/wheel082.html

Udana and Udana Commentary

The Udana. Translated by Peter Masefield. 1994.
Chapter Seven: Small Chapter, 7 The Destruction of Diversifications, page 157. Notes pages 162-163.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-udana-and-itivuttaka/

The Udana Commentary. 2 Volumes. Translated by Peter Masefield. Volume II.1995.
Chapter Seven: Small Chapter, 7 The Destruction of Diversifications, pages 963-966. Notes pages 994-995.
https://palitextsociety.org/product/udana-commentary/

The Udana Inspired Utterances of the Buddha & The Itivuttaka The Buddha’s Sayings Translated by John D. Ireland. 1997. 7.7 The Destruction of Proliferation page 92-93 Notes pages 212-213.s
https://www.bps.lk/olib/bp/bp214s_Ireland_Udana-Itivuttaka.pdf

Papanca-sanna-sankha-pahana. This is a very difficult phrase of profound import and in the various contexts where it occurs it has been translated very differently. The stumbling block has been the important term papanca, which even the ancient commentators found difficult to define. I follow here Bhikkhu Nanananda’s interpretation of it, in his Concept and Reality, as “conceptual proliferation.” Through craving, conceit, and views we conceptualize what is perceived through the senses and by mind, distorting with fixed labels what is naturally a fluid “living” situation. The ordinary person measures and evaluates, chooses and rejects, the contents of his perceptions from the viewpoint of the ego or “self,” the ultimate concept to be dissolved when enlightenment is realized. The Buddha, by abandoning craving and so forth, no longer conceptualizes in this way (see Dhammapada 195, 254).

Bodhicari Precepts

Bodhicaris who have taken the Bodhicari Precepts chant the Attha-maha-purisa Vitakka Eight Thoughts of a Great Being as part of their regular chanting. Dharma Vijaya Buddhist Vihara includes this in their chanting book Buddha Vandana in the Section Basics of Buddha’s Teaching on pages 48 and 49.

Bodhicari Precepts

https://www.buddhistgroupofkendal.co.uk/bodhicari-precepts/

Bodhicari Precepts in Buddhism

https://archive.org/details/bodhcari-precepts-in-buddhism

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Anguttara Nikaya Anthology: An Anthology of Discourses from the Anguttara Nikaya. Selected and translated from the Pali by Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi. Earlier published as Wheel Publications 155-158; 208-211;238-240. 2007. (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP222) (ISBN 978-955-24-0297-5).
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Buddhist Dictionary: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines. Nyanatiloka, Venerable. 2004. (5th revised edition) (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (ISBN 955-24-0019-8) (Current ISBN 978-974-9511-30-5).
https://www.bps.lk/olib/bp/bp601s_Nyanatiloka_Buddhist-Dictonary.pdf

The Dhammapada: The Buddha’s Path to Freedom. Translated by Acharya Buddharakkhita Thera. Introduction by Bhikkhu Bodhi. (Third edition). 2007. (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP 203S). (ISBN 955-24-0131-3) (ISBN 978-955-24-0131-2)
https://www.bps.lk/olib/bp/bp203s_Buddharakkhita_Dhammapada.pdf

Great Disciples of The Buddha: Their Lives, Their Works, Their Legacy. Nyanaponika (Thera) and Hellmuth Hecker. Edited with an Introduction by Bhikkhu Bodhi. Asia edition 2007 (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP417S) (ISBN 978-955-24-0301-9).
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The Magic of the Mind in Buddhist Perspective: an Exposition of the Kalakarama Sutta. Bhikkhu Nanananda. 1974. (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP405S). (ISBN 955-24-0135-6).
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The Udana Inspired Utterances of the Buddha & The Itivuttaka The Buddha’s Sayings Translated by John D. Ireland. 1997. (Kandy Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (BP214S). (ISBN 955-24-0164-X) (ISBN 978-955-24-0164-0).
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BPS Wheel Publications (ISSN 0068-3345)

https://www.bps.lk/library_wheels.php

https://www.bps.lk/olib/wh/_whindex.html

Wheel 10 Sakka’s Quest: Sakka-panha Sutta: Introduction, Translation and Comments. Sister Vajira
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Wheel 74-75 German Buddhist Writers: An Anthology
“Void is the World: The Buddhist Doctrine of Cognition”. Kurt Schmidt.
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Wheel 362 Lives of the Disciples: Anuruddha Master of the Divine Eye. Hellmuth Hecker. Translated from the German by Nyanaponika Thera
https://bps.lk/olib/wh/wh362_Hecker_Anuruddha–Master-of-the-Divine-Eye.html

Dictionaries

Buddhist Dictionary: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines. Nyanatiloka, Venerable. 2004. (5th revised edition) (Kandy, Sri Lanka, BPS Buddhist Publication Society). (ISBN 955-24-0019-8) (Current ISBN 978-974-9511-30-5).
https://www.bps.lk/olib/bp/bp601s_Nyanatiloka_Buddhist-Dictonary.pdf

The Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary. Edited by T. W. Rhys Davids and William Stede (London, Luzac for the PTS Pali Text Society). (ISBN: 978-0-86013-503-6).
1921-1925 edition available online via the Pali Text Society website
https://palitextsociety.org/product/pali-english-dictionary/

PTS Pali Text Society

The Book of the Gradual Sayings (Anguttara-Nikaya) or More Numbered Suttas Vol IV (The Books of the Sevens, Eights and Nines). Translator F.L. Woodward. 1989 reprint of 1934. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (ISBN 0-7100-0092-8) (Current edition ISBN 978-0-86013-???-?).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-book-of-the-gradual-sayings-5-volumes/

The Book of the Gradual Sayings (Anguttara-Nikaya) (5 volumes) (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (Current edition ISBN 978-0-86013-???-?).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-book-of-the-gradual-sayings-5-volumes/

The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2 Volumes. 2002. (Oxford, Pali Text Society) (Volume II). (ISBN 978-0-86013-???-?).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/connected-discourses-of-the-buddha/

The Group of Discourses: Sutta-Nipata. Volume II. Revised Translation with Introduction and Notes by K. R. Norman. 1992. (Oxford, Pali Text Society) (ISBN 0-86013-303-6) (Current ISBN 978-0-86013-303-2).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-group-of-discourses/

Milinda’s Questions. 2 Volumes. (Translated from the Pali by I. B. Horner) 1991 reprint of 1964. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). Volume II. (ISBN 086013-047-9) (Current ISBN 978-0-86013-303-2).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/milindas-questions/

Minor Anthologies: Vol II: The third and fourth books of the Khuddaka-nikāya of the Sutta-piṭaka.: Translations of The Udana (Verses of Uplift) and The Itivuttaka. (As It Was Said) 1985). Translator F. L. Woodward.1985 reprint of 1935. (ISBN: 978-0-86013-036-9).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/minor-anthologies-vol-ii/

The Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Anguttara Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2012. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (ISBN 978-0-86013-499-2).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-numerical-discourses-of-the-buddha/

The Rhinoceros Horn: Translation of Suttanipata. Translation by K. R. Norman. 2015. (Oxford, Pali Text Society) (Current ISBN 978-0-86013-154-0)
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-rhinoceros-horn-2/

The Suttanipata: An Ancient Collection of the Buddha’s Discourses Together with its Commentaries. Translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2017. (ISBN 0-86013-516-0) (Current ISBN 978-0-86013-516-6)
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-suttanipata-an-ancient-collection-of-the-buddhas-discourses-together-with-its-commentaries/

The Udana. Translated by Peter Masefield. 1994. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (ISBN 0-86013-311-7) (Current edition ISBN 978-0-86013-501-2 as The Udana and the Itivuttaka).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-udana-and-itivuttaka/

The Udana and The Itivuttaka. Translated by Peter Masefield. 2013. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (ISBN 978-0-86013-501-2).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/the-udana-and-itivuttaka/

The Udana Commentary. 2 Volumes. Translated by Peter Masefield. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). Volume II.1995 (ISBN 086013-317-6) (Current edition ISBN 978-0-86013-???-?).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/udana-commentary/

The Word of the Doctrine (Dhammapada). Translated with and introduction and notes by K. R. Norman.1997. (Oxford, Pali Text Society). (ISBN 0-86013-335-4). (Current ISBN 978-0-86013-???-?).
https://palitextsociety.org/product/word-of-the-doctrine/

Suttas and Translations

Suttas and translations are available on the Access to Insight, dhammatalks.org and Sutta Central websites.

Access to Insight https://www.accesstoinsight.org/

dhammatalks.org https://www.dhammatalks.org/ https://www.dhammatalks.org/suttas/

Sutta Central https://suttacentral.net/?lang=en

Websites

aimwell.org
http://www.aimwell.org/
http://www.aimwell.org/discourses.html
Anuruddha Mahavitakka Suttaṃ) Eight Thoughts of a Great Man
http://www.aimwell.org/eight-thoughts.html

Wisdom Experience

https://wisdomexperience.org/

The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Translated from the Pali by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2000. (Volume II) (Boston USA, Wisdom Publications). (Volume II ISBN 0-86171-189-0) (Single Volume ISBN 978-086171-331-8).
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Digha Nikaya. Maurice Walsh translator. 1987. (Boston USA, Wisdom Publications). (ISBN 0-86171-030-4) (Current ISBN 978-086171-103-1).
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/connected-discourses-buddha/

The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: Original Translation by Bhikkhu Nanamoli: Translation Edited and Revised by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 1995. (Boston USA, Wisdom Publications). (ISBN 0-86171-072-X) (Current ISBN 978-08617-1072-0).
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/middle-length-discourses-buddha/

The Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Anguttara Nikaya. Translated from the Pali: by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2012. (Boston USA, Wisdom Publications). (ISBN 978-61429-040-7).
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/numerical-discourses-buddha/

Buddhist Suttas for Recitation: A Companion for Walking the Buddha’s Path. Bhante Henepola Gunaratana. 2019. (Boston USA Wisdom Publications). (ISBN 978-161429-489-4).
https://wisdomexperience.org/product/buddhist-suttas-for-recitation/
https://wisdomexperience.org/bhante-g/
https://wisdomexperience.org/

Buddhist Group of Kendal

Eight Great Noble Thoughts and Papanca [proliferation] and Nippapanca [non-proliferation]

Theravada